Revista Médica de Rosario

Recognition of outstanding doctors in the city

Javier Chiarpenello — 2025-01-09

OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM

Javier Chiarpenello — 2025-01-09

Introduction and objectives: The evaluation of thyroid function in human obesity has resulted in contradictory findings. Most studies have shown that body mass index (BMI) is positively associated with serum thyrotropin (TSH) and the prevalence of hypothyroidism in obese individuals. However, the results on the relationship between BMI and serum free thyroid hormone levels are controversial. The present study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in overweight and obese patients.

Materials and methods: During the period from 01/04/24 to 08/08/24, patients over 18 years of age with normal weight, overweight or obesity, who are not receiving treatment with levothyroxine, who consult the outpatient clinic at the Endocrinology service, were evaluated.

Results: Of the patients who presented subclinical hypothyroidism (16 patients), 37.5% had normal weight (6 patients) and 62.5% were overweight or obese (31.25% overweight (5 patients), 6.25% grade I obesity (1 patient), 12.5% grade II obesity (2 patients) and 12.5% morbid obesity (2 patients). Only 1 patient presented clinical hypothyroidism, and he was morbidly obese.

Conclusion: Overweight and obesity are associated with a higher risk of developing subclinical hypothyroidism, 1.6 times more than in patients with normal weight. Therefore, it seems reasonable to measure TSH and FT4 in overweight and obese patients to detect these alterations and establish timely treatment, although we recognize the small sample size of this study.

MEDICINAL PLANTS AND SENSORY MODULATION IN AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER: SCOPING REVIEW

Diana Carolina Libreros-Chica — 2025-01-09

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological development condition, characterized by difficulties in communication, social interaction and repetitive behaviors. It can occur together with other disorders and lacks specific treatments for its core symptoms, posing a clinical challenge. Revealing new therapies, such as the potential of medicinal plants, emerges as a promising avenue of research.

Objective: Explore the impact of medicinal plants in modulating sensory alterations in individuals diagnosed with ASD.

Methodology: The review followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual, and the Arksey and O’Malley framework for scoping reviews. A search was conducted in Scopus, ScienceDirect and PubMed using standardized DeCS/MeSH terms with Boolean operators. The quality of the studies was assessed with Risk of Bias and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Results: Of 1296 records reviewed, 20 duplicates were removed, leaving 1276 for analysis. After careful screening, 1232 records were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria. Finally, 8 studies were considered eligible. The results revealed several interventions, such as herbs in nasal drops, sulforaphane, polyherbal compounds, cannabinoids and decoctions, with variable doses and forms of administration according to the patient’s needs, showing significant improvements in symptoms associated with ASD.

Conclusion: Medicinal plants show potential to improve symptoms such as irritability and repetitive behaviors in people with ASD, but more research is needed in clinical trials to better understand their effectiveness.

DIABETES MODY 2 AND 3: REPORT OF 4 CASES WITH NEW MUTATIONS

Agustín Fresco — 2025-01-09

Introduction: MODY diabetes (Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young) is a group of monogenic diseases, of autosomal dominant inheritance, characterized by non-autoimmune dysfunction of β cells. Hyperglycemia usually appears before the age of 25 and is associated with primary defects in insulin secretion.

Material and Methods: a retrospective study including patients with MODY Diabetes diagnosed in the Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition Service.

Results: a total of 4 patients were diagnosed: 3 cases of MODY 2 DBT and 1 cases of MODY 3. 4 more patients with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus were also rescued whose genetic studies revealed non-deleterious mutations of the HNF1A enzyme but nevertheless present a clinical behavior compatible with MODY diabetes.

Discussion: this publication describes 3 MODY 2 Diabetes patients (two of them brothers) and 1 patient with MODY 3 whose mutations in the enzymes have no bibliographic precedents. In addition, another 4 cases with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus are exposed that present non-deleterious and negative mutations for MODY 2 and 3, but that have similar clinical behavior.

Conclusion: the importance is to present three MODY 2 Diabetes mutations and one MODY 3 mutations not previously reported in the scientific literature worldwide.

All patients had the expected behavior of each type of disease: type 2 is stable only with hygienic-dietary measures, as is type 3, which is still at an early age.

WORK ACCIDENTS IN THE ORAL CAVITY IN PERU: AN ANALYSIS FROM 2012 TO 2021

Luis Arturo Santivañez-Isla — 2025-01-09

Introduction: Oral conditions are often the cause of work absenteeism, low work performance and lack of socialization, which directly affects the productivity of the organization.

Objective: Determine the number of work accidents in the oral cavity in Peru, from 2012 to 2021.

Methods: Observational, descriptive study, analysis of secondary databases. The web page of the Ministry of Labor and Employment Promotion was entered with the purpose of accessing the monthly bulletins of notifications of work accidents, dangerous incidents and occupational diseases, according to the part of the body injured. The data was collected in a spreadsheet of the Microsoft Excel v. 2020. The data were expressed in frequency measures and a temporal trend analysis was performed.

Results: A total of 746 work accidents in the oral cavity were reported, the most affected being the male sex 94.23% (n=703), and with a probability of 16.43 times more of suffering a work accident compared to the female sex. Additionally, accidents in the oral cavity represented 0.35% of accidents at the level of the whole body.

Conclusion: A low number of notifications of occupational accidents in the oral cavity was found, this could be due to underreporting, combined trauma, lack of expertise in diagnosis. For this reason, there is a need to carry out research in this area of knowledge