Towards some potential biomarkers in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Objective: To address the main mediators that are currently under study and regarded as potential biomarkers of cardiac risk to predict and stratify the risk of patients with suspected CVDs. Methods: A review was conducted in which 92 research articles published in the last 10 years were analyzed and discussed to better delineate atherosclerosis pathophysiology along with the potential biomarkers that can be used in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. All of the findings and statements in this review are based on published information as listed in the references. Conclusions: A series of molecules have been identi!ed as potential biomarkers that participate in the stages involving atherosclerosis and precede the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Cytokines as interleukin 1-ß (IL-1ß`), IL-6, IL-12, and interferon-γ(INF-γ), lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP9) and cyclophilin A (CypA) are considered potential independent predictors of cardiovascular risk.