Risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) in Perú is an endemic disease that causes great morbidity. For the year 2017 it was calculated that 6.2% were patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). Patients with DM2 are more susceptible due to their immunosuppressive component, so it is important to recognize the factors that predispose to develop TB. Objectives: To assess the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory factors associated with the development of TB in patients with DM2 of the National Hospital Dos de Mayo (HNDM) Lima-Peru in the period 2015 - 2017. Materials and methods: Case-control study developed in the HNDM, performed in 50 patients with TB who had a history of DM2 and 100 DM2 patients without tuberculosis. Results: The following statistically significant factors were obtained: punctual age (OR = 0.96 IC 95% 0.92-0.99), adherence to antidiabetic treatment (OR = 3.77, 95% CI: 1.72 - 8.28) and glycosylated hemoglobin (OR = 1.38). 95% CI: 1.17-1.63). When performing the adjusted multivariate analysis, factors associated with adherence to antidiabetic treatment (OR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.36 - 9.30) and glycosylated hemoglobin (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06-1.56, continued to be signi!cant (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Patients with elevated glycosylated hemoglobin levels and inadequate adherence to DM2 treatment increase the risk for developing pulmonary TB among patients with DM2